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CVE-2026-93990

Full vulnerability record from the local CVENow database.

Description

Expat before 2.8.5 fails to validate that a high surrogate in UTF-16 input is followed by a low surrogate, allowing malformed UTF-16 sequences to be accepted. Attackers can supply UTF-16 encoded XML containing lone high surrogates that consume the following code unit, causing Expat to pass unpaired surrogates to applications built with XML_UNICODE and to silently replace input characters in other builds.

Severity
HIGH
CVSS score
8.7 (v4.0)
Vulnerability status
Awaiting Analysis
Source identifier
Published
2026-09-19 23:17:10.203000
Last modified
2026-11-10 13:19:41.840000
View original CVE JSON
{
  "id": "CVE-2026-93990",
  "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]",
  "published": "2026-09-19T23:17:10.203",
  "lastModified": "2026-11-10T13:19:41.840",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Expat before 2.8.5 fails to validate that a high surrogate in UTF-16 input is followed by a low surrogate, allowing malformed UTF-16 sequences to be accepted. Attackers can supply UTF-16 encoded XML containing lone high surrogates that consume the following code unit, causing Expat to pass unpaired surrogates to applications built with XML_UNICODE and to silently replace input characters in other builds."
    }
  ],
  "affected": [
    {
      "source": "[email protected]",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "libexpat",
          "product": "libexpat",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "repo": "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/libexpat/libexpat",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "0",
              "lessThan": "2.8.5",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "2.8.5",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "status": "unaffected"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0)",
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "V3.1.7",
              "lessThan": "*",
              "versionType": "custom",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0)",
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "V3.1.7",
              "lessThan": "*",
              "versionType": "custom",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0)",
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "V3.1.7",
              "lessThan": "*",
              "versionType": "custom",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0)",
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "V3.1.7",
              "lessThan": "*",
              "versionType": "custom",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Siemens",
          "product": "SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0)",
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "V3.1.7",
              "lessThan": "*",
              "versionType": "custom",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "source": "[email protected]",
        "type": "Secondary",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "4.0",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "baseScore": 8.7,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "source": "[email protected]",
        "type": "Secondary",
        "cvssData": {
          "version": "3.1",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 3.6
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "timestamp": "2026-09-21T15:10:43.564847Z",
          "id": "CVE-2026-93990",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "source": "[email protected]",
      "type": "Secondary",
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-176"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://blog.hartwork.org/posts/expat-2-8-5-released/",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/commit/ff6e1d7e750bbe245178f51a47a965dc8342861a",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/pull/1282",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/releases/tag/R_2_8_5",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/expat-through-2.8.4-malformed-utf-16-acceptance-via-unchecked-surrogate",
      "source": "[email protected]"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html",
      "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e"
    }
  ]
}